The CBSE Class 10th NCERT Syllabus 2025–26 is designed to provide a well-rounded academic foundation for students, preparing them for higher education and competitive exams. The syllabus emphasizes conceptual clarity, practical knowledge, and skill-based learning. Understanding the syllabus is essential for effective preparation and scoring high marks in the CBSE board examinations.

This guide will give you a complete subject-wise syllabus, exam pattern, marking scheme, recommended books, preparation tips, specialization options, and other important details.

CBSE Class 10 Exam Overview 2025–26

Particulars	Details
Board	Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE)
Class	10th
Session	2025–26
Curriculum Source	NCERT
Exam Mode	Offline (Pen & Paper)
Exam Duration	3 Hours per paper
Total Marks	100 per subject (80 Theory + 20 Internal Assessment)
Minimum Passing Marks	33% in each subject
Syllabus Type	Revised NCERT-based
Exam Month	February–March 2025

CBSE Class 10 Subjects

Compulsory Subjects:

1. English Language & Literature
2. Hindi Course A / Hindi Course B
3. Mathematics – Standard / Basic
4. Science
5. Social Science

Additional Subjects (Optional):

• Information Technology
• Artificial Intelligence (AI)
• Home Science
• Sanskrit
• Other regional languages

CBSE Class 10 Subject-Wise Syllabus 2025–26

Below is the detailed syllabus with marks distribution for each subject.

1. English Language & Literature

Unit	Topics	Marks
Reading Skills	Unseen Passage (Factual, Discursive, or Literary)	10
Writing Skills with Grammar	Letter Writing, Analytical Paragraph, Grammar (Tenses, Modals, Clauses, etc.)	10
Literature (First Flight & Footprints Without Feet)	Prose, Poetry, Supplementary Reader	40
Internal Assessment	Listening, Speaking Skills, Portfolio	20

Description: Focus on reading comprehension, grammar application, and literature appreciation. Students should practice writing formats and understand character analysis in literature.

2. Hindi (Course A & Course B)

Hindi Course A

Section	Topics	Marks
Reading	Unseen Passage	10
Grammar	Sandhi, Samas, Muhavare, Vakya Shuddhi	16
Writing	Letter, Essay, Paragraph Writing	14
Literature	Kavya, Gadya from prescribed book	40
Internal	Project & Oral Test	20

Hindi Course B

Section	Topics	Marks
Reading	Unseen Passage	10
Grammar	Same as Course A	16
Writing	Formal/Informal Letters, Paragraphs	14
Literature	Text-based questions	40
Internal	Project & Oral Test	20

Description: Emphasis on language fluency, grammar mastery, and cultural literature.

3. Mathematics (Standard / Basic)

Unit	Topics	Marks
Algebra	Polynomials, Pair of Linear Equations	20
Geometry	Circles, Constructions	6
Trigonometry	Heights & Distances, Identities	12
Mensuration	Surface Areas & Volumes	10
Statistics & Probability	Mean, Median, Probability Concepts	11
Coordinate Geometry	Distance, Section Formula	6
Internal Assessment	Lab Activities & Projects	20

Description: Standard level is for students opting mathematics in higher classes; Basic level is simpler, focusing on real-life applications.

4. Science

Unit	Topics	Marks
Chemical Substances	Chemical Reactions, Acids, Bases & Salts, Metals & Non-metals	25
World of the Living	Life Processes, Control & Coordination, How Do Organisms Reproduce?	23
Natural Phenomena	Light – Reflection & Refraction, Human Eye, The Colourful World	12
Effects of Current	Electricity, Magnetic Effects of Electric Current	13
Natural Resources	Our Environment, Sustainable Management	7
Internal Assessment	Experiments & Practical Work	20

Description: Strong emphasis on conceptual understanding, experimental learning, and scientific reasoning.

5. Social Science

Unit	Topics	Marks
History	The Rise of Nationalism in Europe, Nationalism in India, Industrialisation, Print Culture	20
Geography	Resources, Agriculture, Water Resources, Manufacturing Industries	20
Political Science	Power Sharing, Federalism, Democracy & Diversity, Political Parties	20
Economics	Development, Sectors of the Economy, Globalisation, Consumer Rights	20
Internal Assessment	Map Work, Project Work	20

Description: Focuses on civic awareness, historical events, geographical understanding, and economic concepts.

6. Information Technology (Optional)

Unit	Topics	Marks
Employability Skills	Communication, Self-Management, ICT Skills	10
Subject-Specific Skills	Digital Documentation, Spreadsheet, Database Management	50
Practical Work	Lab Exercises & Viva	15
Project Work	IT Project Report	15
Internal Assessment	Class Performance	10

CBSE Class 10 Syllabus PDF Download 2025–26

Students can download the official CBSE Class 10 Syllabus PDF 2025–26 from the CBSE Academic website:

• Website: https://cbseacademic.nic.in
• Navigate to “Curriculum” → “Secondary Curriculum” → “Class X”

Recommended Books

Subject	Recommended Books
English	NCERT English Textbooks (First Flight, Footprints Without Feet), BBC Compacta
Hindi	NCERT Hindi (Kshitij, Kritika, Sparsh, Sanchayan)
Mathematics	NCERT Mathematics, R.D. Sharma, R.S. Aggarwal
Science	NCERT Science, Lakhmir Singh & Manjit Kaur
Social Science	NCERT History, Geography, Civics, Economics
IT	NCERT IT Textbook, Kips Learning Series

Preparation Tips

1. Understand the Syllabus: Read the NCERT syllabus thoroughly before starting preparation.
2. Make a Study Plan: Allocate fixed hours for each subject.
3. Practice Previous Year Papers: Helps in understanding exam patterns.
4. Focus on NCERT Books: They are the primary source for board exams.
5. Revise Regularly: Consistent revision is key to remembering concepts.
6. Take Mock Tests: Improves time management and accuracy.

Specialization After Class 10

After Class 10, students can choose streams based on their interests:

• Science: For careers in Engineering, Medicine, Research.
• Commerce: For careers in Business, Finance, Management.
• Humanities: For careers in Law, Journalism, Arts, Social Work.

Conclusion

The CBSE Class 10th NCERT Syllabus 2025–26 is the foundation for future academic success. Mastering it not only ensures excellent board results but also prepares students for competitive exams. With proper planning, dedication, and the right resources, every student can excel.

Important FAQs

Q1. Has the CBSE Class 10 syllabus changed for 2025–26?
Yes, minor changes have been made in certain topics. Students must refer to the latest syllabus from CBSE.

Q2. Which books should I follow for CBSE Class 10?
NCERT books are mandatory. Reference books like R.D. Sharma (Maths) and Lakhmir Singh (Science) can be used.

Q3. How many marks are required to pass?
A minimum of 33% marks in each subject (theory + internal) is required.

Q4. Is NCERT enough for CBSE board exams?
Yes, NCERT covers the entire syllabus. Practice from past papers is also recommended.

Q5. Where can I get the syllabus PDF?
From the official CBSE website: https://cbseacademic.nic.in